Nichirin Sword

Nichirin Blades are special blades used by and made specifically for the Demon Slayer Corps to slay Demons. They are forged from a unique ore that constantly absorbs sunlight, one of the only major weaknesses of Demons. Therefore, decapitation by Nichirin Blade is one of the only ways a human can kill a Demon, the other being the use of a Wisteria-poison coated weapon.

Nichirin Blades take on a distinct color when first drawn by its owner, which is why they are also referred to as "The Color Changing Swords". However, the holder is required to have a certain amount of skill, or the blade will not change color.

Forging Process
Nichirin Blades are forged with Scarlet Crimson Iron Sand and Scarlet Crimson Ore, both of which are found on high mountains like the Sunlight Mountain, which is perpetually bathed in sunlight all throughout the year.

Demon Slayer recruits choose their own ore after successfully passing the Final Selection. The ore will then be used by a swordsmith of the Swordsmith Village during the forging process, and the swordsmith will personally bring the weapon to the Demon Slayer.

Handguards
Each Nichirin Blade contains a handguard, or tsuba, that protects the swordsman from cutting themselves. It is located where the handle and the blade meet and can come in a variety of colors and shapes. However based on his appearances in the series, Inosuke Hashibira's Nichirin Blades do not have handguards.

*Tanjiro began using Kyojuro's handguard as of Chapter 129.

Blade Colors
Nichirin Blades change color depending upon the user, making each blade unique. They can be of many colors. Zenitsu Agatsuma's blade is unique in that its coloration does not form as a solid band but instead as a lightning motif down the length of the blade. The reason for this patterning is unknown.

Each color is said to impart certain properties to the blade. The properties of black Nichirin Blades are not well understood, causing them to be considered a bad omen that the Demon Slayer will not go far (due to dying before much can be learned about the blade).

Crimson Red Nichirin blades
By raising the temperature of the blade a Nichirin blade will turn red. Red Nichirin blades hamper the regeneration of demons and in some cases even burn them on a cellular level leaving wounds that are unable to heal. Nichirin blades have been shown to change color in 3 different ways. These ways include using Nezuko Kamado's Blood Demon Art, raising the temperature of the blade with a strong grip and clashing two Nichirin blades together.

Trivia

 * Their namesake contains the kanji for "sun", "ring", which could translate to either "sun ring" or its most common meaning, "sun." In addition to the kanji for "blade", the full translation to the Nichirin Blade is "sun blade."
 * The ore used to forge the swords are likely based off of Hihi'irokane, which literally means (Brilliant Scarlet Metal), a legendary metal of Japanese myth that shines brightly in a manner that it resembles flames or the sun. The metal is considered to be similar to other mythical ores such as Orichalcum of Greek and Roman myth and as such is said to have had magical properties.